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互博国际-从高考中的“—ever”用法谈起
作者:佚名    教师文章来源:不详    点击数:971    更新时间:2006-10-1
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    请看NMET关于“—ever”用法的几道单项选择题:
    ①If we work with a strong will, we can overcome anydifficulty,______ great it is.
    (’95NMET)
    A.what B.how C.however D.whatever
    答案:C。“however”,adv.意为“无论如何”、“不管怎样”。
    ②It is generally considered unwise to give a child_____he or she wants.
    (’97NMET)
    A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever
    答案:B。“whatever”,pron.“无论什么”、“任何东西”之意。
    ③_______, Mother will wait for him to have dinnertogether. (’97NMET)
    A.However late is he B.However he is late
    C.However is he late D.However late he is
    答案:D。“however”,adv.表示“无论如何”、“不管怎样”。
    根据上述所出现关于“—ever”的构词形式,我们把学过的这些词归为两大类。
    第一类:“however,whenever,wherever”,作连词或者副词。
    第二类:“whatever,whichever,whoever”,作代词或者形容词。
    下面具体地谈一谈它们各自的用法。
    (一)“however”作连词或副词
    1.作连词,“不管用什么方法”。
    例如:He can go however he likes.
    2.作副词,“无论如何”、“不管怎样”
    例如:①However cold it is,he always goe ming.
    ②I'll come however busy I am
    3.作副词,“究竟怎么”(表示惊奇)。
    例如:However did you find it?
    4.作副词,“不过”、“仍然”、“然而”
    例如:He hasn't arrived.He may however later.
    (二)“whenever”作连词或副词
    1.作连词,“任何时候”。例如
    ①Whenever we see him we speak to him.
    ②Come whenever you like.
    2.作连词,“每当”、“每逢”“每次”
    例如:Whenever that man says “To tell the truth”, I suspect that he's about to tell a li e .
    3.作副词,“任何时间”“任何时候”
    例如:①He might turn up on Monday , or Friday, or whenever, andexpect to be given a meal.
    ②Whether they arrive tonight ,tomorrow , or whenever, they'll bewelcome.
    4.作副词,“到底什么时候”。
    例如:Whenever will he learn ?
    (三)“wherever”作连词或副词
    1.作连词,“在任何地方”、“到任何地方”、“在任何情况下”。
    例如:Sit wherever you like
    2.作副词,“在任何地方”。
    例如:He comes from Boula, wherever that may be , from a place called Boula,and I have no
    idea where it is.
    3.作副词,“到底什么地方”。
    例如:Wherever did she get that hat.
    (四)“whatever”作代词或形容词。
    1.“whatever”作代词,/no matter what /“无论什么”、“无论如何”。
    例如:
    ①Keep calm,whatever happens
    ②Whatever (No matter what) you may say, I will go.
    2.“whatever”作代词,/anything or everything that/“任何的事物”、“每一……的事物”。
    例如①Do whatever you like.
    ②Whatever I have is at your service.
    3.作代词“or whatever”“或任何东西”、“诸如此类”
    例如:He'd have difficulty in learning any language ——Greek, Chinese,or whatever.
    4.作代词,“到底(究竟)什么”。
    例如 Whatever can he mean by that?
    5.作形容词,“任何的”、“无论什么的”、“任何种类、程度等的”。
    例如Take whatever measures you consider best.
    6.作形容词,在否定句中,置于名词之后,强调否定语气
    例如①There can be no doubt whatever about it.
    ②I have no intention whatever of resigning.
    (五)“Whichever” 作代词或形容词
    1.“Whichever” 作代词,/anything or everything “无论哪些”、 “无论哪个”。
    例如 ①Whichever (Anything that) you want is yours.
    ②Take two of the four elective subjects, whichever you prefer.
    2.作代词,“……的那一个”。
    例如①Take whichever you like best.
    ②Whichever of you comes in first will receive a prize.
    3.作代词,“究竟哪个(哪些)”。
    例如 Whichever do you mean?
    4. 作形容词,“无论哪个”、“无论哪些”。
    例如:He may choose whichever desk he wishes.
    (六)“whoever”作代词:
    “whoever”作代词,/any person who/the person who/“任何人”、“无论谁”、“……的人”。
    例如①Whoever(Anyone who)said it,it's not so.
    ②Whoever says that is wrong.
    2.作代词,“到底(究竟)是谁”。
    例如 Whoever told you that? 
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